光纤型双通道PAM-100荧光仪
型号:： DUAL-PAM/F
价格:请致电：010-57128832,18610462672
品牌: 德国    产品商标: walz

Dual-PAM/F: Dual-PAM-100的光纤版，适合野外使用
Schreiber教授因发明PAM系列调制叶绿素荧光仪而获得首届国际光合作用协会（ISPR）创新奖
2006年正式商业化的双通道PAM-100荧光仪——DUAL-PAM-100，是大名鼎鼎的PAM-101/102/103的升级版，是全球唯一可同步测量P700（PS I活性）和叶绿素荧光（PS II活性）的仪器，短短两年多时间里在全世界科研界得到广泛应用，发表了数十篇高水平科研论文。

受光电技术限制，DUAL-PAM-100的测量头DUAL-DB（或DUAL-DR）和DUAL-E都是外置的，仪器不方便在野外使用。2009年，Schreiber教授及其团队经过两年的不断研发、改进，终于做到在不损失信号的基础上将所有的激发光源和检测器内置到主机中，推出了光纤版双通道PAM-100荧光仪——DUAL-PAM/F。

DUAL-PAM/F采用光纤做为激发光、叶绿素荧光和P700信号的传导体，方便在野外现场测量P700和叶绿素荧光，朝着P700的现场测量迈出了一大步！

主要功能
* 野外或室内单独或同步测量叶绿素荧光和P700
* 两个光系统的诱导动力学曲线（包括快相和慢相）
* 两个光系统的快速光曲线和光响应曲线
* 淬灭分析、暗驰豫分析
* 典型的P700曲线测量
* 通过叶绿素荧光和P700的同步测量获知两个光系统的电子传递动力学、电子载体库的大小、围绕PSI 的环式电子传递动力学等

应用领域
相当于两台PAM-101/ 102/ 103的功能，可同时测量光系统II活性（调制叶绿素荧光）和光系统I活性（P700吸收变化）可用于光合作用机理研究、植物生理学、农学、林学、园艺学等领域，特别适合于野外现场测量。

测量参数
PS II参数：Fo, Fm, F, Fm’, Fv/Fm, Y(II)=△F/Fm’, Fo’, qP, qL, qN, NPQ, Y(NPQ), Y(NO)和ETR(II)等
PS I参数：P700, Pm, Pm’, P700red, Y(I), Y(ND), Y(NA)和ETR(I)等

DUAL-PAM/F与DUAL-PAM-100的区别
DUAL-PAM/F具备所有DUAL-PAM-100的叶绿素荧光和P700测量功能，包括诱导曲线、光响应曲线、淬灭分析、暗驰豫分析、快速诱导动力学、编程测量等等，其主要区别如下：

DUAL-PAM/F
光源和检测器内置，带光纤，适合于野外（或室内）测量，但不能升级P515/535等其它测量功能

DUAL-PAM-100
光源和检测器外置，适合于室内使用，野外不方便。但能升级P515/535、NADPH等其它测量功能。



同步测量叶绿素荧光（PS II）和P700(PS I)的诱导曲线

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同步测量叶绿素荧光（PS II）和P700(PS I)的光响应曲线



P700的测量



以线性时间记录的荧光快速上升动力学

以对数时间记录的荧光快速上升动力学（相当于O-J-I-P相）


主要技术参数
* P700双波长测量光：LED，830 nm和870 nm
* PSII荧光测量光：LED，460 nm（DUAL-DB）或620 nm（DUAL-DR）
* 红色光化光：LED阵列，635 nm；最大连续光强2000 μmol m-2 s-1
* 蓝色光化光：LED，460 nm；最大连续光强700 μmol m-2 s-1
* 单周转饱和闪光（ST）：200000 μmol m-2 s-1，5～50 μs可调
* 多周转饱和闪光（MT）：20000 μmol m-2 s-1，1～1000 ms可调

部分利用DUAL-PAM发表的P700文献

1. Chen J, Xia X, Yin W. Expression profiling and functional characterization of a DREB2-type gene from Populus euphratica Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2009, 378:483-487.
2. Aronsson H, Schöttler MA, Kelly AA, Sundqvist C, Dörmann P, Karim S, Jarvis P. Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol deficiency in Arabidopsis affects pigment composition in the prolamellar body and impairs thylakoid membrane energization and photoprotection in leaves. Plant Physiology 2008, 148:580-592.
3. Bailey S, Melis A, Mackey KRM, Cardol P, Finazzi G, Dijken Gv, Berge GM, Arrigo K, Shrager J, Grossman A. Alternative photosynthetic electron flow to oxygen in marine Synechococcus Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2008, 1777:269-276.
4. Ehlert B, Schöttler MA, Tischendorf G, Ludwig-Müller J, Bock R. The paramutated SULFUREA locus of tomato is involved in auxin biosynthesis. Journal of Experimental Biology 2008:in press.
5. Ma W, Chen L, Wei L, Wang Q. Excitation energy transfer between photosystems in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803 Journal of Luminescence 2008, 128:546-548.
6. Pfundel E, Klughammer C, Schreiber U. Monitoring the effects of reduced PS II antenna size on quantum yields of photosystems I and II using the Dual-PAM-100 measuring system. PAM Application Notes 2008, 1:21-24.
7. Rogalski M, Schöttler MA, Thiele W, Schulze WX, Bock R. Rpl33, a nonessential plastid-encoded ribosomal protein in tobacco, is required under cold stress conditions. The Plant Cell 2008, 20:2221-2237.
8. Schreiber U, Klughammer C. New accessory for the Dual-PAM-100: the P525/535 module and examples of its application. PAM Application Notes 2008, 1:1-10.
9. Schreiber U, Klughammer C. Saturation Pulse method for assessment of energy conversion in PS I. PAM Application Notes 2008, 1:11-14.
10. Schreiber U, Klughammer C. Non-photochemical fluorescence quenching and quantum yields in PS I and PS II: Analysis of heat-induced limitations using Maxi-Imaging-PAM and Dual-PAM-100. PAM Application Notes 2008, 1:15-18.
11. Xu M, Bernát G, Singh A, Mi H, Rögner M, Pakrasi HB, Ogawa T. Properties of mutants of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 lacking inorganic carbon sequestration systems. Plant Cell and Physiology 2008, 49:1672-1677.
12. Schöttler M, Flügel C, Thiele W, Stegemann S, Bock R. The plastome-encoded PsaJ subunit is required for efficient Photosystem I excitation, but not for plastocyanin oxidation in tobacco. Biochemical Journal 2007, 403:251-260.
13. Schöttler MA, Flügel C, Thiele W, Bock R. Knock-out of the plastid-encoded PetL subunit results in reduced stability and accelerated leaf age-dependent loss of the cytochrome b6f complex. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2007, 282:976-985.
14. Volkmer T, Schneider D, Bernát G, Kirchhoff H, Wenk S-O, Rögner M. Ssr2998 of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is involved in regulation of cyanobacterial electron transport and associated with the cytochrome b6f complex. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2007, 282:3730-3737.
15. Lohmann A, Schottler MA, Brehelin C, Kessler F, Bock R, Cahoon EB, Dormann P. Deficiency in phylloquinone (Vitamin K1) methylation affects prenyl quinone distribution, photosystem I abundance, and anthocyanin accumulation in the Arabidopsis AtmenG mutant. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2006, 281:40461-40472.

: 'Times New Roman','serif'">3个仪器都可以单独使用。
主要技术参数
参数
乙烯气体检测仪ETD-300
阀门控制箱VC-6
烃分解器CAT-1
测量范围
0-5 ppmv
/
/
检出限
0.3 ppbv
/
/
噪音(2σ)
0.3 ppbv
/
/
精度
<1% 或 0.3 ppbv
0.2% FS
/
稳定性
<1%超过24小时
/
/
零点漂移
+/-1 ppbv
/
/
测量时间
5 s
/
/
响应时间
30 s (当流量为1 l/h时)
300 ms
/
流量
0.25-5 l/h
0.25-5 l/h
0-30 l/h
校准
使用标准混合气，每年一次
/
/
通道数量
/
6(可增加至12, 18等)
/
测定模式
/
连续流动测定，积累后测定
/
气体供应压力
/
0.5-4 Bar
/
过压阀
 
在5 Bar时打开
/
滤膜类型
/
粒径>7µm
/
最大稀释浓度
/
/
100 ppm
输出浓度
/
/
< 100 pptv
压力
/
/
0-6 atm
活性催化剂
/
/
Pt/SiO2
催化温度
/
/
150 – 250 ℃
预热时间
30 min
/
< 10 min
尺寸
50x50x14cm (48.3cm 3U机架)
40x50x10cm (48.3cm 2U机架)
40x25x20cm (48.3cm 3U半机架)
工作温度/湿度
10-28 ℃/0-95 % RH
5-40℃/0-95 % RH
5-40℃ /0-95 %RH
电源要求
90-264 VAC, 47-63 Hz
90-264 VAC, 47-63 Hz
90-264 VAC, 47-63 Hz
功耗
<150 W
<60 W
85 W
进气接口
1/8'' Swagelok
用于接外径1/8''的管
1/8'' Swagelok
数据输出
USB 和 RS232，CSV格式
USB，CSV格式
/
显示
蓝色背光LCD
LED指示灯
/
 
部分利用ETD发表的文献
1. Cristescu S.M., Persijn S.T., te Lintel Hekkert S., Harren F.J.M. Laser-based systems for trace gasdetection in life sciences, (2008), Appl. Phys. B 92, 343-349
2. de Gouw J.A., Hekkert S. T. L., Mellqvist J., Warneke C., Atlas E.L., Fehsenfeld F.C., Fried A., Frost G.J., Harren F.J.M., Holloway J.S., Lefer B., Lueb R., Meagher J.F., Parrish D.D., Patel M., Pope L., Richter D., Rivera C., Ryerson T.B., Samuelsson J., Walega J., Washenfelder R.A., Weibring P., Zhu X., Airborne Measurements of Ethene from Industrial Sources Using Laser Photo-Acoustic Spectroscopy, (2009), Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 2437–2442
3. McDonnell L., Plett J.M., Andersson-Gunneras S., Kozela J.D., Dominique V.D. S., Bernard R.G., Björn S., Sharon R., Ethylene levels are regulated by a plant encoded 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, (2009), Physilogia Plantarum 136, 94-109
4. Clarke S.M., Cristescu S.M., Miersch O., Harren F.J. M., Wasternack C., Mur L.A. J., Jasmonates act with salicylic acid to confer basal thermotolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana, (2009), New Phytologist 182:175-187
5. Hermans C., Vuylsteke M., Cristescu S.M., InzéD., Verbruggen N., Systems analysis of the responses to long term magnesium, deficiency and restoration in Arabidopsis thaliana highlights a possible role of the circadian clock in the plant adaptation, (2010), New Phytologist 187: 132-144
6. Cristescu S.M., de Martinis D., te Lintel Hekkert S., Parker D.H., Harren F.J.M., Ethylene production by Botrytis cinerea in vitro and in tomato fruit , (2002), Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, 5342-5350
7. Cristescu S.M., Woltering E.J., Harren F.J.M., Real time monitoring of ethylene during fungal-plant interaction by laser-based photoacoustic spectroscopy in “Food Mycology, A Multifaceted Approach to Fungiand Food”, (2006), J. Dijksterhuis and R.A. Samson, Eds., Traylor and Francis New York, USA 25-47
8. Staal M., Stal L.J., te Lintel-Hekkert S., Harren F.J.M., Light action spectra of N2 fixation by heterocystous cyanobacteria from the Baltic Se, (2003), Journal of Phycology 39, 668-677
9. Severin, J Stal L., Light dependency of nitrogen fixation in a coastal cyanobacterial mat, (2008), The ISME Journal 2, 1077–1088; doi:10.1038/ismej.2008.63
10. Photoacoustic trace gas detection of ethene released by UV-induced lipid peroxidation in humans, S. Cristescu, R. Berkelmans, S. te Lintel Hekkert, B. Timmerman, D. Parker, F. Harren, Proceedings SPIE Vol. 4162 (Bellingham, USA, 2000) 101-107
11. Moeskops B.W.M., Steeghs M.M.L., van Swam K., Cristescu S.M., Scheepers P.T.J., Harren F.J.M., “Realtime trace gas sensing of ethylene, propanal and acetaldehyde from human skin in vivo”. (2006), Physiological Measurement 27, 1187-1196
12. Roeder S., Dreschler K., Wirtz M., Cristescu S.M., Harren F.J.M., Hell R., Piechulla B.. SAM levels, gene expression of SAM synthetase, methionine synthase and ACC oxidase, and ethylene emission from N. suaveolens flowers. (2009), Molecular Biology 70, 535-546
13. Salman A., Filgueiras H., Cristescu S., Lopez-Lauri F., Harren F., Sallanon H., Inhibition of wound-induced ethylene does not prevent red discoloration in fresh-cut endive (Cichorium intybus L.). (2009), Eur. Food Res. Technol. 228, 651-657
14. Mur L. A.J., Lloyd A.J., Cristesc S.M.u, Harren F.J.M., Hal M.l., Smith A., Biphasic ethylene production during the hypersensitive response in Arabidopsis: A window into defence priming mechanisms? (2009), Plant Signalling & Behaviour 4 (7), 610 – 613
15. Yordanova Z.P., Iakimova E.T., Cristescu S.M., Harren F.J. M., Kapchina-Toteva V.M., Woltering E.J., Involvement of ethylene and nitric oxide in cell death in mastoparan-treated unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (2010), Cell Biology International 34, 301-308
16. Benlloch-González M., Romera J., Cristescu S., Harren F., María Fournier J., Benlloch M., K+ starvation inhibits water-stress-induced stomatal closure via ethylene synthesis in sunflower plants, (2010), Journal of Experimental Botany 61, 1139 – 1145
17. Yordanova Z.P., Kapchina – Toteva V.M., Woltering E.J., Cristescu S.M., Harren F.J.M., Iakimova E.T., Mastoparan- induced cell death signaling in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii. (2009), Biotechnology & Biotechnological equipment-special issue, Vol.23: 730-734
18. Hélène Lequeux, Christian Hermans, Stanley Lutts, Nathalie Verbruggen, Response to copper excess in Arabidopsis thaliana: Impact on the root system architecture, hormone distribution, lignin accumulation and mineral profile, (2010), Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 48, 673-682
19. Lloyd A.J., William Allwood J., Winder C., Dunn W.B., Heald J., Cristescu S.M., Harren F.J. M., Goo-dacre R., Smith A.R., Mur L.A. J., Metabolomic approaches indicate that cell wall modifications play a major role in ethylene-mediated resistance against Botrytis cinerea, (2011),Plant Journal 67(5), 852-868.
20. Moniuszko G., Laska-Oberndorff A., Cristescu S.M., Harren F.J.M., Sirko A., Ethylene emitted by nylon membrane filters questions their usefulness to transfer plant seedlings between media, (2011), BioTechniques 51:doi 10.2144/000113762
21. Gallego-Bartolomé J., Arana M.V., Vandenbussche F., Žádníková P., Minguet E.G., Guardiola V., Van Der Straeten D., Benkova E., AlabadíD., Blázquez M. A., Hierarchy of hormone action controlling apical hook development in Arabidopsis, (2011), The Plant Journal 67, 622–634
22. Liesbeth D.G., Laury C., Jasper D., Jan D., Ivo R., Wim H. V., Thomas M., Gerrit T. S. B., Andy L. P., Nicholas P. H., Peter H., Dominique V.D.S., Blackwell Publishing Ltd Reduced gibberellin response affects ethylene biosynthesis and responsiveness in the Arabidopsis gai eto2-1 double mutant, (2008), New Phytologist 177, 128–141        
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