Description
(R)-FSL-1 is an agonist at toll-like receptors (TLR 2/6) that exhibits immunostimulatory, pro-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. FSL-1 increases IgE and IgA responses to foods during systemic antigenic challenge. In vitro, this compound increases expression and activity of MMP-9, IL-6, IL-9, and COX-2. FSL-1 is also used as an adjuvant, in which it induces a Th2-specific response by increasing IgA and IgG levels. FSL-1 also increases tumor size when given alone, but if combined with tumor-specific antigens, decreases tumor size by stimulating production of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, antibodies, and NK cells.
References
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Lim R, Barker G, Lappas M. The TLR2 ligand FSL-1 and the TLR5 ligand Flagellin mediate pro-inflammatory and pro-labour response via MyD88/TRAF6/NF-κB-dependent signalling. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2014 May;71(5):401-17. PMID: 24635133.
Buffa V, Klein K, Fischetti L, et al. Evaluation of TLR agonists as potential mucosal adjuvants for HIV gp140 and tetanus toxoid in mice. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e50529. PMID: 23272062.
Kiura K, Hasebe A, Saeki A, et al. In vivo anti- and pro-tumour activities of the TLR2 ligand FSL-1. Immunobiology. 2011 Aug;216(8):891-900. PMID: 21496943.
