Description
Bilobalide is a sesquiterpene lactone found in Ginkgo that exhibits neuroprotective, cognition enhancing, anxiolytic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. Bilobalide inhibits GABA-A receptors, decreases anxiety, and improves spatial learning and memory in vivo. In animal models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, bilobalide decreases edema and infarct volume. In adipocytes, this compound inhibits hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, bilobalide inhibits carrageenan- and capsaicin-induced hyperalgesia in animal models.
References
A P, V M N, S S A, et al. Bilobalide attenuates hypoxia induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunctions in 3T3 L1 adipocytes via its antioxidant potential. Free Radic Res. 2014 Jul 21:1-31. PMID: 25039303.
Goldie M, Dolan S. Bilobalide, a unique constituent of Ginkgo biloba, inhibits inflammatory pain in rats. Behav Pharmacol. 2013 Aug;24(4):298-306. PMID: 23838965.
Ma L, Wang S, Tai F, et al. Effects of bilobalide on anxiety, spatial learning, memory and levels of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors in male Kunming mice. Phytomedicine. 2012 Dec 15;20(1):89-96. PMID: 23083816.
Defeudis FV. Bilobalide and neuroprotection. Pharmacol Res. 2002 Dec;46(6):565-8. PMID: 12457632.
