The CD40-L stimulates both B-cell proliferation and secretion of all immunoglobulin isotypes in the presence of cytokines. It has been shown that CD40-L induces cytokine production and tumoricidal activity in peripheral blood monocytes. It also co-stimulates proliferation of activated T-cells, which is accompanied by the production of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2. Recombinant human CD40-L is a non-glycosylated protein, made up of 149 amino acids and with a molecular mass of 16.3 kDa.